Wandel & Goltermann PCM-4 Communications Test Set
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Modèle:
PCM-4
Date:
1996
Catégorie:
Groupe:
Description:
PCM Channel Measuring Set
Information
Rising costs have forced telecoms authorities and industrial
users to seek economical solutions to test and measurement
problems. The PCM-4
equally suitable for manual or
remote-controlled operation, has all the functions needed
for a complete coder/decoder Test Set, representing a
cost-effective answer to this particular test requirement.
All measurements conform to the relevant CCITT standards.
COMPACT CONSTRUCTION
The PCM-4 covers the functions of several different test
sets, making measurements easier and reducing the number of
connections required. A further plus is the reduced
transport cost.
Four main parts make up the signal Generator and receiver unit:
« an analog signal Generator for sine-, multitone-, and
"noise" signals;
% a digital signal Generator which provides various signals
via a 64 kbit/s Interface or inserts them into standard PCM
frames;
9 an analog receiver for rapid wideband measurements in the
telephone channel or for out-of- band measurements up to 128
kHz and for selective ineasurements at particular frequencies;
• a digital receiver for evaluating the digital words in
both speech and signalling channels, the signal status being
indicated by LEDs.
These units, together with a processor system comprising
several microprocessors, make a wide range of measurements
possible. These are summarised in the table at the end of
this introduction.
SIMPLE OPERATION
The use of a VOU and three operator levels make working with
the PCH-4 very easy:
• All the different types of measurement are contained in
two lists, list A for the measurements which are often used,
and list B for the less common ones. To select a
measurement, the measurement number is entered. A list of
parameters, such as signal type, frequencies and signal
level, is shown on the screen. Once you nave selected one of
these parameters, the VDU shows all the relevant parameters
and tolerance masks for the selected measurement. The PCH-4
is ready to make the measurement.
The framework for the various measurements, i.e. the
parameters, are set to standard values when the instrument
is switched on for the first time. These parameters can be
altered if required, but are reset to the standard values if
/GENRL. RESET/ is pressed, or if the backup batteries become
discharged before the instrument is switched on again.
• If you need to alter the parameters, press /GENRL.
PARAM./. This causes a menu to appear on the VDU} showing a
number of parameter lists. Entering the list number causes
the selected list to be displayed. Parameter changes are
made by selecting one from a number of possibilities or by
entering a new value. The PCH-4 displays error messages
which warn you if you have selected a combination of
parameters which is illegal or has no meaning. The new
values are stored and used for all subsequent measurements
and are not erased when the instrument is switched off and
on again.
• Once you are familiar with the instrument and its
operation, it is also possible to make changes in the
individual measurement inodes to suit requirements. This is
done using the /VAR. MODE/ key. This allows different
reference values or integration times to be selected, for
example. These alterations are erased when a new measurement
mode is chosen or if the PCM-4 is switched off.
MINIMAL MEASUREMENT ERROR
One of the most important features of the PCM-4 is its
accuracy. This is of particular importance when making
half-channel (analog-digital or digital-analog)
measurements, as the allowable error is half that permitted
for full-channel measurements.
The two descriptions which follow may serve to explain how
it is possible to obtain such a small measurement error:
s All actual signal processing is at the digital level.
Received analog signals are sampled and digitised and a
digital Filter is used for weighting the resultant digital
signal. The tolerances for such filters can be calculated,
and are independent of temperature or ageing effects. In
this way, the analog Filter, which is a major source of
errors, is dispensed with.
« Only one highly accurate attenuator is used in the PCM-4,
This is a transformer-type
attenuator, the accuracy of which is solely determined by
the turns ratios. All of the remaining attenuators are
tapped resistor chains. When the instrument is calibrated,
first the receiver attenuator and then the Generator
attenuator are compared with the transformer attenuator. Any
deviations are noted for each attenuator stage, these being
stored as correction factors which are taken into account
for each subsequent setting of the attenuators.
CLEAR DISPLAY OF RESULTS
All results are displayed clearly on the VDU, You have a
choice between:
- graphical display versus the ‘'running" or X-axis
parameter, or
- numerical display in tabular form.
If you want to keep a record of the results, a video
plotter, graphics plotter or printer can be used. For the
video plotter or graphics plotter, an IEC 625 Interface is
required.
The following can be output on the printer;
- the complete contents of the measured value memory on
manual command
- each complete result automatically, or
- measured values which are outside given tolerance limits.
If required, the limit value can be printed together with
each measured value.
RAPID AUTOMATIC TESTING
Forty complete instrument settings (setups) can be stored
and recalled as required. The PCM-4 can automatically call
up and execute all the setups in address order. When coupled
with a printer programmed to print out values which are out
of tolerance, the PCM-4 fortns a powerful automatic Test Set.
The use of a desk-top computer and IEC 625 bus network opens
up further possibilities, for example, the computer can be
used to call up and start preset setups, only the running
parameter (e.g. frequency) being changed between
measurements. As the data transfer and the measurements
overlap, measurements are not interrupted when new settings
are made.
If a full-scale computer is used, the PCM-4 becomes more
than just a test set; here are two examples:
• Statistical evaluation of the results allow test engineers
to determine the accuracy of error predictions made during
development;
• Long-term measurements on transmission systems can be used
to determine the effects of ageing on the various component
parts of the network. In this way, trends can be recognised,
so that threatened failures or out-of-tolerance performance
of a given module can be seen easily.
Type manuel:
Manuel de l'utilisateur
Pages:
496
Taille:
17.14 Mbytes (17968772 Bytes)
Langue:
english
Révision:
55/95.07, AK
Manuel-ID:
BN 0984/00.82
Date:
1996 01 01
Qualité:
Document scanné, tous les lisible.
Date de transfert:
2017 01 22
MD5:
22398a7344663e2dbd049b757d23d253
Téléchargements:
828
Information
Operating Manual
INTRODUCTION
J SPECIFICATIONS
... 1-1
ANALOG SIGNAL Generator
1.1 Generator output
... 1-1
1.2 Generator signals
... 1-1
1.3 Generator level
... 1-3
1.4 Other outputs
...
. 1 -3
ANALOG RECEIVER
1.5 Receiver input
... 1-4
1.6 Receive level
., ... ■ ... 1-4
1. 7 Receive f i Iters
... 1-5
DIGITAL SIGNAL Generator
1.6 PCM frame structure
... 1-6'
1.9 Generator outputs, digital s igna 1 & c
lock* ... i-6
1.10 Operating modes and clock generation
... 1-7
1.11 Digital words in time slots 0 and 16
... 1-8
1.12 Digital words in telephone channels
... 1-9
1.13 Generator signals
... 1
- i0
1.14 Test facilities and error injection
... 1-13
1.15 Trigger outputs
... 1-13
DIGITAL SIGNAL RECEIVER
1.16 PCM frajise structure
... 1-13
1.17 Digital signal
inputs ... 1-14
1.18 Evaluation of digital words in telephone and signalling
channels ... 1-15
1.19 Analog measurements on telephone channels
... 1-15
1.20 Receive f i Iters
... 1-15
1.21 Analog decoder output [37]
... 1-15
1. 22 Error measurements
...
, , ,
... 1-15
1.23 Evaluation and indication of the digital words within a
frame
...
1-16
1.24 Error counts on frame and mu It iframe a 1ignment s
igna Is
... 1-16
1.25 Parallel outputs [62] (on back panel)
... 1-16
1.26 S ignal 1 ing distort ion
measurements ...
1-17
1.27 Error I imits
... 1-17
1. 27 Measurement times
...
1-25
OPTIONS
1.29 Codirectional 64 kbit/s input, BN 384/00.01
...
1-26
1.30 Codirectional 64 kbit/s output, BN 384/00.02
...
1-26
1.31 64 kbit/s contradirectional input BN 384/00.03
...
1-27
1.32 64 kbit/s contradirect ional output BN 984/00,04
...
1-28
1.33 64 kbit/s TTL serial input, 8N 984/00.05
...
1-28
1.34 64 kbit/s TTL serial output, 6N 984/00.06
...
1-29
1.35 64 kbit/s TTL parallel input, BN 984/00,07
...
1-30
1.36 64 kbit/s TTL paral lei output, 8N 384/00.08
...
1-30
1.37 64 kbit/s V.ll Interface BN 984/00.09
...
1-31
1.38 Return loss and longitudinal conversion transfer loss
bridge ... 1-32
1.39 Remote control via < I EC 625>/IEEE 488 Interface bus
... 1-32
1.40 V ideo output
... 1-33
1.41 General specifications
... ,1-33
1.42
Accessories ... 1-35
1.43 Ordering information
... 1-36
2 GENERAL INFORMATION FOR THE USER
... 2-1
2.1 Important safety instructions
... 2-1
2.2 Ventilation and rack mounting
...
... 2-2
2.3 Power supply, fuses
... 2-3
2 .4 Switch-on
... 2-4
Z. 5 Disposal of bui It - in batteries
...
2-6
3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
... 3-1
3.1 Front panel controls and connectors
... 3-1
3.2 Back panel inputs and outputs
... 3-12
3.3 Operating procedure for the PCM-4
... 3-17
3.4 Storage and recall of instrument settings
... 3-19
3.5 Graphic display of results
... 3-25
3.6 General parameters
... 3-32
3.7 MODE LIST A measurements
... 3-79
3.8 MODE LIST B measurements
... 3-112
3.9 VAR. MODE
... 3-134
4 REMOTE CONTROL
... 4-1
4.1 Introduct ion
... 4-1
4.2 Instrument
setup ... 4-1
4.3 Programming
... 4-13
4 . 4 Program words ...
... 4-37
4.5 Example programs
... 4-69
i
5 OPTIONS, Accessories
... 5-1
5.1 64 kbit/s interfaces
... 5-1
5.2 Return loss and longitudinal conversion loss measuring
bridge
... 5-21
5.3 OC loop-holding circuit GH-1, 8N 984/00.12
... 5-22
5.4 DC decoupling unit PCMZ-4, BN 984/00.13
...
5-23
5.5 120 kHz low-pass f i Iter BN 0984/00.14
...
5-25
APPENDIX A: INSTRUMENT DESIGN
... A-l
APPENDIX B
... B-l
B.l Error signals on self test and calibration
... B-l
B. 2 PCM-4 f unct ion check
... B-4
APPENDIX C: OPTIONS, Accessories, MAINTENANCE
... C-l
C.l Instrument designation
... C-l
C.2 Accessory compartment
... C-l
C.3 Changing the Versacon inserts
... C-2
C.4 Changing the fuse
... C-2
C.5 Data back-up battery
... C-3
C.6 Cleaning the instrument
... C-3
C.7 Removing batteries
... C-4
APPENDIX D: USER-SPECIFIED TOLERANCE MASKS
... : ... D-l
0.1 Tolerance mask structure in the PCM-4
... D-l
D.2 How to complete forms 1 to 4
... D-4
0.3 fitting the EPROM with user-specified tolerance masks
... B-22
Type manuel:
Manuel de l'utilisateur
Pages:
36
Taille:
679.78 Kbytes (696091 Bytes)
Langue:
english
Révision:
Edition 2
Manuel-ID:
BN 0934/00.89
Date:
1989 01 01
Qualité:
Document scanné, tous les lisible.
Date de transfert:
2017 01 22
MD5:
62b836eae91041f1296359c3a3a3845f
Téléchargements:
517
Information
Shortform operating instructions
Contents
1 Self test,
calibration ...
... 3
1.1 Software status
display ...
... 3
2 Main parameter
menus ...
... 4
3 Parameter list
0 ...
... 6
4 Parameter list
1 ...
. . .
7
4.1 Configuring the Interface
... .
... 7
4.2 Digital loop circuits
...
o
5 Parameter fist
2 ...
... 12
5.1 Frame
selection ...
... 12
5.2 CRC
...
... 12:
6 User-specified tolerance masks
...
... 13
7 Results display
...
... 14
7.1 Numerical display
...
... V-
7.2 Graphical
display ...
... ie
8 Setup memory
...
. ' ... 1£
8.1 Store
...
... 18
8.2 Erase
setup ... ' ...
... 16
8.3 Erase all setups
...
... 18
8.4
Recall ...
... IS
8.5 Adding a setup to a
sequence ...
... 2C
8.6 Removing a setup from a
sequence ...
... 21
8.7 Clearing a sequence
...
... 21
9
UsingtbePCM-4withtheMU-30 ...
... 22
9.1 4 wire circuit measurements
...
... 22
9.2 2wire circuit measurements
...
... 24
9.3 Digital circuit measurements
...
... 26
10 Controls and connections
...
... 23
10.1 Front panel, numerical order
...
... 28
10.2 Sackpanel,numericatorder
...
... 29
10.3 Front pane!, alphabetical order
...
... 30
10.4 Sackpanel, alphabetical order
...
... . 32